They reported being able to most easily pick out the female voice from amid the flurry of radio chatter. Much of this research was based on pilot experiences, particularly in combat situations, where the pilots were being guided by female air traffic controllers. In more advanced cockpits, on newer aircraft, there may be many other voice warnings managed by an integrated indication and crew alerting system (ICAS) such as "Gear up, Gear up!" These may be warning words or phrases, or simply declarative statements that augment the pilot's situation awareness.Įarly human factors research in aircraft and other domains indicated that female voices were more authoritative to male pilots and crew members and were more likely to get their attention. These systems provided a voice for most warnings, including fire, altitude, cabin altitude, stall, overspeed, autopilot disconnect, and so on. Airbus aircraft feature a distinctive British RP accent (heard on recent builds of the A320 and all Airbus aircraft since the A330 and A340), or a French accent (heard on ECAM-equipped A300s, A310s and early A320s).Ī female voice was incorporated into McDonnell Douglas DC-9, MD-80/90, McDonnell Douglas MD-11 and Boeing 717 (inherited from McDonnell Douglas after the merger with Boeing) series aircraft in their Central Aural Warning Systems (CAWS). Modern Boeing and Airbus airliners both feature a male voice, which calls out height above terrain on approach to landing, and other related warnings. TCAS and TAWS/EGPWS are usually integrated to prevent conflicting advice, such as an instruction to "Descend! Descend!" to avoid another aircraft when the aircraft is already close to the ground. These may be followed by short directions to the pilot, advising how the situation may be resolved. Other common spoken warnings are "Terrain, terrain", " Windshear! Windshear!", or "Traffic! Traffic!". Perhaps the most widely known example, encountered in many video games and movies, is the "Pull up! Pull up!" command. The auditory warnings produced by these systems usually include a separate attention-getting sound, followed by one or more verbal commands to the pilot/crew. Both systems provide warnings and verbal instructions. There are two notable systems, which employ voice warnings, and which are found in most commercial and military aircraft: TCAS ( traffic collision avoidance system) and TAWS/EGPWS ( terrain avoidance warning system / enhanced ground proximity warning system). The voice warning system used on London Underground trains, which also uses a female voice, is known to some staff as Sonya, as it "get s on ya nerves". In New Zealand, the term used for Boeing aircraft is Hank the Yank. In the United Kingdom, the term Nagging Nora is sometimes used. A male voice is heard on Boeing commercial airliners and is also used in the BAE Hawk. A female voice is heard on military aircraft such as the F-16 Fighting Falcon, the Eurofighter Typhoon and the Mikoyan MiG-29. If the voice is female, it may be referred to as Bitching Betty if the voice is male, it may be referred to as Barking Bob. In some cases, this may be selected according to pilot preference. The enunciating voice, in at least some aircraft systems, may be either male or female. It is often known as a Bitchin' Betty, a slang term used by some pilots and aircrew and submariners (mainly North American). A voice warning system is a system designed to alert the crew of an aircraft to imminent safety hazards.
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